What is a Program and Programming Language?
A program is a set of instructions written to complete a specific task. These instructions can include:
- Mathematical operations
- Logical operations
- Conditional decisions
- Comparison-based evaluations
🧠 Example: Pseudo Code for Addition
a = 10 b = 20 c = a + b display c
💻 What is a Programming Language?
A programming language is a formal set of rules and instructions used to write programs that computers can understand. These programs are executed by a compiler or an interpreter.
Software is built using multiple programs, and these programs are created using programming languages. Hence, programming languages are used to develop:
- Software applications
- Web applications
- Mobile applications
- System tools
- Games
🔍 Types of Programming Languages
1️⃣ Based on Execution Level
✔ 1.1 Low-Level Languages
These languages interact directly with hardware and do not require intermediates like compilers or interpreters.
- Binary Code (Machine Language)
- Assembly Language
✔ 1.2 Middle-Level Languages
These languages use a single intermediate (either compiler or interpreter) to convert program code into machine code.
- C
- C++
- HTML (interpreted by browser)
- Assembly Code
✔ 1.3 High-Level Languages
These languages require multiple intermediates such as compilers and interpreters. They are user-friendly, platform-independent, and widely used.
- Java
- .NET
- Objective-C
- Kotlin
- C#
- VB
- Python
- PHP
2️⃣ Based on Program Structure
✔ 2.1 Structured Programming Languages
Structured languages follow a well-defined syntax and program flow. Programs typically follow a top-to-bottom or modular approach.
Characteristics:
- Use of Procedure
- Functions
- Classes (in OOP languages)
Examples: C, C++, Java, Python, PHP
✔ 2.2 Unstructured Programming Languages
Unstructured languages do not follow a strict format. Execution can begin at any point and may not use modular components like functions or classes.
Examples:
- COBOL
- PASCAL
- FORTRAN
- Early versions of Python & PHP (when used without functions)
Programming languages continue to evolve, but the goal remains the same: to create efficient, logical, and structured programs that solve real-world problems.
.webp)
7 Comments
a=10
ReplyDeleteb=20
print("before swap")
print(a,b)
temp=a
a=b
b=temp
print("after swap")
print(a,b)
WAP to swap two numbers without using a third variable
ReplyDeletea = 5
b =9
a,b=b,a
print(a,b)
ReplyDelete#convert temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit?
# formula --> fahrenheit = (celsius * 1.8) + 32
celsius=float(input(" Temperature in Celsius : "))
fahrenheit=(celsius*1.8)+32
print("{0} degree Celsius is equal to {1} degree Fahrenheit".format (celsius,fahrenheit))
Fahrenheit= 54.
ReplyDeleteCelsius = ((Fahrenheit-32)*5)/9.
print("Temperature in Celsius is: ");
print(Celsius);
COLOUR=("BLUE","RED")
ReplyDelete#COLOUR=("GREEN")
print(COLOUR[0],COLOUR[1])
a=12345
b=23.56
c="hello"
print(a,b,c)
print("a=%d b=%f c=%s"%(a,b,c))
print("{0} {1} {2}".format(a,b,c))
#or
print("a={0} b={1} c={2}".format(a,b,c))
#Program to convert decimal number into binary
ReplyDeletenum=27
s=""
num=num//2 #13
a=num%2 #1
num=num//2 #6
b=num%2 #0
num=num//2 #3
c=num%2 #1
num=num//2 #1
d=num%2 #1
num=num//2 #0
print(d,c,b,a)
#Program of Reverse of Five digit no.
ReplyDeleten=12345
a=n%10 #5
n=n//10 #1234
b=n%10 #4
n=n//10 #123
c=n%10 #3
n=n//10 #12
d=n%10 #2
e=n//10 #1
rn=a*10000+b*1000+c*100+d*10+e*1
print(rn)
POST Answer of Questions and ASK to Doubt