Wait Commands in Selenium:-

It is used to provide wait time for a particular time, it is mostly used where we run multiple processes simultaneously.

Type of wait:-

1) Implicit wait:-

It is used to provide a particular time interval after that performs navigation or another process.

WebDriver driver;
driver.manage().timeouts.implicitWait(timeinterval,TimeUnit.Seconds);

  public class WaitComandExample {

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","c:\\chromedriver.exe");

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

Thread.sleep(5000);

//driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

driver.get("https://shivaconceptsolution.com/test.html");

driver.close();

}

}

2) Explicit wait:-

It is used to provide wait time according to expected conditions using a web element.

WebDriverWait wait=new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);

 wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("xpath"))); 

public class GmailExample {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","c:\\chromedriver.exe"); 
	     WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();  
	    
	     driver.get("https://google.com/ncr");
	     driver.findElement(By.name("q")).sendKeys("cheese" + Keys.ENTER);
	     // Initialize and wait till element(link) became clickable - timeout in 10 seconds
	     WebElement firstResult = new WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.xpath("//a/h3")));
	     // Print the first result
	     System.out.println(firstResult.getText());

	}

}

3) Fluent Wait Example:-

package scs;

import java.time.Duration;

import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import java.util.function.Function;

import org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait;

public class WebDriverFluentWaitExample {

public static void main(String[] args) {

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","c://chromedriver.exe");

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();

driver.get("http://softwaretestingplace.blogspot.com/2017/02/selenium-fluent-wait.html");

driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id=\"post-body-5280210221385817166\"]/div[1]/button")).click();

FluentWait<WebDriver> wait = new FluentWait<WebDriver>(driver)

       .withTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(10))

       .pollingEvery(Duration.ofSeconds(5)).ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);

WebElement element = wait.until(new Function<WebDriver, WebElement>() {

public WebElement apply(WebDriver driver) {

WebElement element = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='demo']"));

String getTextOnPage = element.getText();

if(getTextOnPage.equals("Software Testing Material - DEMO PAGE")){

System.out.println(getTextOnPage);

return element;

}else{

System.out.println("FluentWait Failed");

return null;

}

}

});

}

}